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Countries where English is an Official Language

Countries where English is an Official Language
Country nameLanguageDialectsNote
American SamoaOfficial language15,050 mainly second language speakers.
AnguillaOfficial language
Antigua and BarbudaOfficial language
ArubaAruba English.Aruba English.
AustraliaThe de facto national languageAustralian Standard English, Aboriginal English, Neo-Nyungar (Noonga, Noongar, Noogar).Minor regional dialect differences. Neo-Nyungar is the community dialect of the Nyungar people.
Bahamas, TheOfficial language
BarbadosNational language
BelizeOfficial language 55,998 second language speakers in Belize (1991 census). Education, government, commerce.
BermudaOfficial languageBermudan English.Colloquial English may not be a creole but a regional variety of uncreolized English.
BotswanaOfficial languageSekgoa International trade, the medium of western influences, language of instruction from fifth grade, written language, official purposes. Taught from the beginning of primary school as a required subject.
British Indian Ocean TerritoryOfficial languageThe indigenous population no longer resides in the islands. Current residents include members of the USA military, a small detachment of British officials, and support staff, mainly of Mauritian and Philippine origin.
British Virgin IslandsOfficial language
BruneiNational languageGovernment, education, and by the educated as L1 or second language.
CambodiaLanguage of wider communication.Replacing French as second language, especially in Phnom Penh.
CameroonOfficial language
CanadaOfficial languageNewfoundland English.
Cayman IslandsNational languageCayman Islands English.Colloquial English seemingly borrowed creole features similar to Jamaica and Central America without undergoing creolization (John Holm 1989:479–480). Structurally similar to a creole language. May be similar to Belize Kriol [bzj]. Agriculturalists: cotton.
Cook IslandsOfficial language
DominicaOfficial languageDominican English.
Dominican RepublicEnglishSamaná English.A community of descendants of ex-USA slaves settled in 1824. It is reported that there was a settlement of African slaves here in the early 1500s. There are features of creolization and archaic Black English. Also use Spanish or Haitia.
EritreaNational languageLanguage of higher education and many technical fields.
EthiopiaOfficial language169,726 second language users. Language of higher education, many technical fields, and international communication.
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)National language
FijiOfficial languageAlso used by many urban Chinese (4,652 in 1976), Rotuman, occasionally by Indians, rarely by Fijians (P. Geraghty 1981). Reportedly a Fijian Pidgin English. Main language of commerce, education, government.
Gambia, TheOfficial language
GhanaOfficial language1,000,000 second language speakers in Ghana (Voegelin and Voegelin 1977).
GibraltarOfficial languageYanito.Yanito is spoken by most Gibraltarians among themselves. A variety of English with a strong Spanish influence, with over 500 words coming from Genoese (Ligurian) and Hebrew.
GrenadaOfficial languageGrenadian English.Post-creole English with French Creole influences (M. Alleyne).
GuadeloupeEnglishGustavia English (St. Barth English).English with some creole influence. Also use French.
GuamNational languageUSA military and dependents.
GuyanaNational languageSpoken as L1 by some Blacks and some Hindustanis.
Hong KongOfficial language
HondurasEnglishBay Islands English.Some creole influence.
IndiaThe subsidiary official languageDistinct Indian dialectNeither British nor American English but a distinct Indian dialect with its own unique vocabulary and style. 11,021,610 second language speakers
IrelandNational languageSouth Hiberno English, North Hiberno English.
Isle of ManOfficial language
IsraelAuxiliary official languageEnglish most commonly used foreign language
JamaicaNational languageEnglish patois
JerseyOfficial language
KenyaOfficial languageTaught in primary and secondary schools. GIDS 1. Official language in most transactions. All ages. Positive attitude. Mainly second language speakers in Kenya.
KiribatiOfficial language
LebanonLanguage of wider communication. Used to some extent since American University of Beirut founding in 1866. Many English language publications. Not spoken on the street or in Lebanese homes.
LesothoOfficial language
LiberiaOfficial languageLiberian Standard English.
MadagascarOfficial language
MalawiOfficial language
MalaysiaLanguage of wider communication. Taught in primary and secondary schools. Nearly all domains. All ages. Positive attitude.
MaltaOfficial language
Marshall IslandsOfficial language
MauritiusOfficial languageTaught in secondary schools. Not widely known. Courts, road signs.
Micronesia, Federated States ofOfficial language
MontserratNational language
NamibiaOfficial languageNot understood or spoken by everyone.
NauruNational language7,254 including second language users (1979 Government figures).
Netherlands AntillesGaining importance.Post-creole English is dialect used.
New ZealandOfficial language
NigeriaOfficial languagesecond language speakers in Nigeria: 1,000,000 (Voegelin and Voegelin 1977). Used in government and education.
NiueNational language2,082 second language speakers in Niue.
Norfolk IslandOfficial language
Northern Mariana IslandsNational language
PakistanOfficial languageMainly second language speakers in Pakistan.
PalauOfficial language
Papua New GuineaOfficial languageTaught in primary schools.
PhilippinesOfficial languageLanguage of wider communication. 52% of the population said they could speak it as second language (1980 census).
Pitcairn IslandsOfficial language
Puerto RicoNational language376,371 second language users (1970 census).
RwandaOfficial languageMainly second language speakers in Rwanda. There may be more users of English than of French.
Saint HelenaNational language
Saint Kitts and NevisNational language
Saint LuciaOfficial languageSaint Lucian English.An emerging English vernacular on Saint Lucia in a rural area is significantly restructured, heavily French Creole [acf] influenced, English lexicon (1998 P. Garrett).
Saint Pierre and MiquelonEnglish
Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesNational language
SamoaOfficial language
SeychellesOfficial languagePrincipal language of the schools.
Sierra LeoneOfficial languageUsed in administration, law, education, commerce.
SingaporeOfficial languagesecond language users (literate in English) are 71% of population (2000 census). Ethnic groups which use English: Chinese 154,000, 68%; European and Eurasian 34,000, 15%; Indian 32,000, 14%; Malay 6,000, 3%. Chinese varieties and Tamil also used at home.
Solomon IslandsNational language
SomaliaOfficial language Mostly north.
South AfricaOfficial languageThe main means of communication in urban areas. Many second-generation people from India, Portugal, Germany, and Greece speak English as L1.
SudanOfficial language
Sri LankaLanguage of wider communication. Used in government.
SwazilandOfficial languageTaught in all government and private schools.
TanzaniaOfficial languageTaught in primary schools. Medium of instruction in secondary schools and universities. second language speakers in Tanzania: 1,500,000 (1977 Voegelin and Voegelin). Used by some Asian residents as L1.
TokelauNational language Used in schools.
TongaOfficial language
Trinidad and TobagoOfficial language
Turks and Caicos IslandsOfficial languageShifting toward a variety of Standard Caribbean English.
TuvaluLanguage of wider communication.
UgandaOfficial languagesecond language speakers: 1,000,000 in Uganda (Voegelin and Voegelin 1977). Used in primary and secondary schools, law courts.
United Kingdom Official language
United StatesThe de facto national languageAfrican American Vernacular English (AAVE).Many regional and social dialects.
British Virgin IslandsOfficial language
VanuatuOfficial languageL1 speakers are from the United Kingdom.
ZambiaOfficial languageTaught in primary and secondary schools. Spoken as L1 mostly by Europeans. A small minority of Zambian Africans speak it as a L1. Used as second language. Language of Parliament. Home, education, business. All ages. Positive attitude.
ZimbabweOfficial languageSpoken by most Europeans and an increasing number of Africans. Used in all or most education.
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